If you’ve been struggling with the discomfort or pain that comes with a hammer toe, surgery treatment might be something you’re considering.
Understanding what’s involved in hammer toe correction surgery can help you feel more prepared and confident before heading into the procedure.
Here’s our roundup of everything you need to know, from common questions to practical recovery tips.
What Is Hammer Toe and Why Might Surgery Be Necessary?
Hammer toe is a condition where one of your toe joints (usually one closest to your foot) bends downward, resembling a hammer. This deformity is usually caused by muscle imbalance, poorly fitted shoes, arthritis, or trauma.
While conservative treatments, such as orthotics or splints, can offer temporary relief, hammer toe correction usually involves surgery. Doctors often recommend surgery when the joint becomes rigid or painful during walking.
It might be time to consider surgery if:
- Daily tasks such as putting on shoes or standing for extended periods have become more challenging.
- The toe has progressed to the point where it’s constantly painful or has begun causing corns and ulcers.
What Can I Expect During Hammer Toe Surgery?
Most hammer toe surgeries are outpatient procedures, which means you’ll go home the same day.
Your podiatrist may employ several different techniques, depending on the severity of your condition. These might include tendon lengthening, joint resection, or even joint fusion. Your doctor will make a small incision to realign the toe and correct joint placement. In some cases, they may temporarily insert a pin or wire to help the toe heal in the proper position.
The procedure usually involves local anesthesia with sedation, so you stay relaxed and pain-free throughout. However, you won’t be asleep like you would for major surgeries, and you’ll be able to go home after a few hours of monitoring.
How Should I Prepare Before Surgery?
Before surgery, it’s essential to review a checklist with your UT podiatrist. They will likely advise you to stop smoking and avoid certain medications. You should also arrange for someone to drive you home after the surgery.
Clear communication with your doctor is key. You should discuss your current medications, any allergies, and previous reactions to anesthesia.
You’ll also want to set up your recovery space at home before the procedure.
You won’t be as mobile as you usually are. Move trip hazards out of the way, prepare a resting area with suitable elevation options, and keep ice packs and post-operative supplies within easy reach.
If you live alone, consider asking a friend or family member to help out for the first few days.
What Is Recovery Like After Hammer Toe Surgery?
Recovery can vary depending on the specific surgical technique used and your overall health. Most people can walk with limited weight-bearing using a surgical shoe or boot within a few days, but complete healing may take several weeks.
You’ll need to elevate your foot frequently and limit your activity to allow the swelling to subside. Post-op pain is usually manageable with prescribed medication or over-the-counter pain relief, but staying ahead of discomfort is important.
In most cases, you’ll return to your podiatrist within a week for follow-up. You may need another follow-up appointment later to remove sutures or pins. Your care team may also suggest stretching or physical therapy exercises to restore the range of motion once the toe has healed.
How Can I Support Faster and Safer Healing?
While your surgeon takes care of the technical work, your role in the healing process is just as important. Proper aftercare ensures a smoother and safer recovery.
Keep the surgical site clean and dry to avoid infections. Wear your post-op shoes, as they protect your toe and keep it properly aligned during the healing process.
You can reduce swelling and further accelerate your recovery by elevating your foot and applying ice regularly. You should also rest and avoid unnecessary walking, particularly for the first week after surgery.
You should expect to attend follow-up appointments at your podiatrist’s office. These appointments help your doctor monitor your healing and any complications you experience. With proper aftercare you can minimize downtime and aid your foot in returning to a pain-free, functional state.
Will the Hammer Toe Come Back?
One of the most common concerns is whether your hammer toe will return after surgery.
While recurrence is rare, it is possible, especially if the underlying causes, such as improper footwear, are not corrected.
You can lower your risk of recurrence by wearing properly fitted shoes with roomy toe boxes, avoiding high heels, and staying consistent with foot-strengthening exercises. In some cases, your doctor may recommend custom orthotics to provide proper foot support and alignment.
Your post-surgical responsibilities play a significant role in preventing future issues. Your foot is adjusting to a new way of functioning, and how you treat it will determine your long-term results.
When Should I Return to Normal Activities?
Getting back to work, driving, or working out will depend on your body’s response to surgery and your podiatrist’s guidance.
You may be able to resume light activity within two weeks, but you should postpone higher-impact movements until you’re fully cleared by your doctor.
Don’t rush the process. Walking without pain is a great sign, but that doesn’t mean the internal structures have fully healed. Always seek a professional opinion before resuming your usual routines.
Knowing What to Expect from Hammer Toe Surgery Reduces Anxiety
Whether you’re ready to schedule surgery or simply exploring your options, knowing what to expect makes all the difference.
Hammer toe surgery can bring significant relief when you’ve exhausted other options. And preparing ahead of time and following your aftercare plan closely sets you up for the best possible outcome.
